Feminism, in its socio-political and literary aspects, emerged because of the degradation of women in patriarchal societies. Attempts of the women in search of their civil rights and emancipation since 1960’s deeply influenced many literary works which tried to display the feminine experience and emotions. Shahrnoosh Pārsipoor, in her The Dog and the Long winter, depicts the various aspects of women struggle with the dominant patriarchal culture in Iran. This struggle and its different manifestations in the novel will be discussed in this article.

A specific feature of the FEMINISTIC theory is that social status and experiences of women comprise the general departure point of all its studies. The world is seen through womens viewpoint with the purpose of creating a better world for them. Social theories of classical feminism are theories of intelligent women seeking ways to improve the social sciences. Conventional sociology, nonetheless, has always resisted the presence and sociological output of women. That is why prominent female figures are less known today. This article attempts to introduce the pioneering female sociologists, their key subjects of interest, and methodological contributions.

With the claim of defending women’s rights in western civilization and using its principles and foundations, feminism entered into socio-political thoughts trying to make women participate and play significant role in different domains of social life. Having reanalyzed the factors which have made women inferior, it struggles to remove them. With such an aim, it reviewed and analyzed the history of art and aesthetics. Feminists mainly focus on the analysis of cultural life with respect to sexual difference between male and female. They pose the main question: "Why do women have no status in arts?" They believe that history of art and aesthetics has never recognized women’s art and emphasized on neglecting women’s artistic creativity by promoting special thoughts and adopting particular policies. Instead, it has caused women’s inferiority by identifying their body as the theme of artistic production. In order to confront male–oriented history of art, feminists have used different strategies to create artistic works and have prepared the ground for women’s more presence in different artistic fields by criticizing traditional philosophy and history of art. However, since FEMINISTIC art has neglected woman’s real personality, has been unrealistic, and has gone to extremes in providing strategies, it has not only been of no help to reduce women’s oppression but also has paved the way for other kinds of oppression.

The present article is to show the Sang Saboor novel by the writer's sharp social look and live and exquisite descriptions which has carefully illustrated the settings and characters of his story. In this book women are subjected to struggle to survive and are not able to change the social, natural and economical factors which dominate their fate. The aim of this article is to analyze and report the presence of the women in this novel. Therefore, the problems of prostitution, violence, temporary marriage (concubine), cursing and polygamy which are posed in this book have been emphasized on. One can conclude that Sadegh Choobak, by creating the Sang Saboor tries to make his readers speculate on the frightening humiliation, violence, authority, social control, masculine domination, aggretion towards women and suppression which are mingled in the whole existence of women. This article has been written analytic-descriptively based on the library studies.

This decade is the reflection of the enlightenment in Iran; it is also a period of opposing against backwardness, decadence, superstition, hesitations, at the same time the period of awareness and modernism. The quantitative development, in recent years, shows a kind of FEMINISTIC self-awareness among them in the vast level of society and their dependence on getting self-identity. No doubt, the women, in these years, have had striking progress in the area of story writing. Their movements in art and writing are not only a cultural struggle, but also a foreign phenomenon.It has been tried, in this collection; to deal with the developments happened in the fields of thought and writing of this class of society.

The issue of kinetic feminism has been organized that has been created in the earlier 20th century for defending the women's right and maintaining their positions against the despotic patriarchal system, and has been come for destroying the dominance of sexual discrimination. A majority of researchers from all around the world has worked in this area and started defending the women's right. Among this intelligentsia in Egypt and France Nejib_mabfouz and Simon de Beauvoir where those who talked about the cruelty against women and their Innocence against the pressure of patriarchal in their own books. This research is going to analyze " two palaces" by Nejib Mahfouz and "the woman destroyed" by Simon de Beauvoir (the famous fiminist writer from France), the symbol of intellectual woman in the 20th century using the Analytical descriptive method in context of cpmarative literature based on the CRITICISM of FEMINISTIC. The results of this study indicate that both authors criticize the women's behavior and their giving up against the patriarchal System. The women's character in both novels is a sentimental, fragile, dependant and obedient person that has easily given up against the patriarchal System. The patriarchal System in "between two palaces" is indicated with some predispositions like bad behavior of father, his disagreement with the marriage of his children with their favorite husband, not authorizing their wives and children to go out of the house and so on. And in " the woman destroyed", getting married for the second time and love affairs without informing the first wife, preventing children from getting married, not being at home with family and wife and so on are the obvious symptoms of the patriarchal System. Both authors have criticized the patriarchal System and introduced the honorable position of women and holy mother to audiences.

It is not more than a few decades that feminist thinkers have started to work in the field of metaphysics. However, their encounter has been more critical and negative, and they limited their selves to criticize some aspects of traditional and modern metaphysics. In fact, feminine approaches to metaphysics have not offered any new foundations for metaphysics, and remain at a critical level. In this essay, we, first, review the critiques of feminist philosophers to the traditional and new metaphysical methods and contents, and then show that these critiques are, in fact, based on a very narrow definition of metaphysics or based entirely on a false understanding of this domain, and basically so-called ‘ FEMINISTIC metaphysics’ is impossible or invalid. Nevertheless, one can, as I explain at the end of this paper, find deep insights in some feminists’ critiques of metaphysics which can be a good basis for a deep rereading of metaphysics and reveal some of the hidden foundations in the history of metaphysics.

Scholars’ knowledge about and reliance in research records requires the provision of indexes and bibliographies. Bibliography is the name and specification of books or other than books in any field of science that is arranged in a specific way, which helps the client obtain information on books and collections of works in various subjects. Simin Daneshvar (1921-2014) has been the focus of many critical articles and writings since the 60's especially when she published Savooshoon in1969. In this line, a repertoire of Daneshvar’ s studies was collected in order to provide a descriptive bibliology of Persian articles during the 1961-2017 period. For this purpose, through a search in databases, all the Persian articles related to Daneshvar and her fiction papers were compiled and carefully studied. Then, in a historical and temporal order, the distribution of the quantity of these papers in different decades until 2017 was presented in graphs. Through this survey, it became clear that, until 2017, 197 articles were published in Persian journals. The novel Savooshoon (1969) with 59 articles had the most success. Topics such as review and CRITICISM of the studies, Daneshvar’ s writing style, feminism and feminist attitudes, review of story characters and story elements, sociological studies, comparative studies, biography and life, translation of works, linguistic studies, appreciation and praise, bibliography and some other topics have been the focus of most articles.

 doubt, it is impossible, or perhaps very difficult, to have an exact and correct understanding of the theme of social theories without knowing their intellectual and philosophical principles. The theory of feminism is a trend-social theory whose thoughts depend on its intellectual and philosophical principles. The present paper tries to analyze FEMINISTIC methodology by focusing on the radical and post-modern feminists and the challenges facing this theory. Using a descriptive- explanatory method, this paper answers the following questions: What is FEMINISTIC methodology? What are its epistemological, ontological, and anthropological principles? What, according to the realism of Sadraian philosophy, are the defects of FEMINISTIC methodology? The research findings show that wisdom and rationality are human indexes and that the gender of knowing agent does not have any role in human knowledge. Due to their negligence of man's rational identity, feminists consider knowledge as a gender-related phenomenon ensnared in relativism, which leads to skepticism.

Environmental crisis in the present era have led man to seek fundamental solutions to overcome these crisis and their consequences. Ecofeminism as an approach branching from feminism with Eco environmental beliefs attempts to change the beliefs that are merely after managing the consequences of the environmental crisis. Eco feminists regard endless developing oriented beliefs of men as the main reason for the destruction of the environment and they are after finding ways to equalize the standpoint of women with men and prevent men to carry out their dominant intentions. The relationship of women with nature, the connection between dominance over woman and nature, and the role of women in solving the ecological problems are among the main tenets of Eco feminism. As an epic masterpiece, Shahnameh has exerted significant influence over the Persians thought and culture and its study with the EcoFEMINISTIC eye could prove beneficial. Relying on the library sources and employing descriptive analytic method this article aims to examine the mourning and weeping of women (Tahmineh, Farangis, and Katayun) in Shahnameh from the perspective of Ecofeminism. The outcome of the research is that this mourning in most cases is feminine device to stand against the dominance of men, and their hunger for development and expansion; expansion which is closely connected with the war and destruction of the environment and in this regard it goes hand in hand with eco FEMINISTIC purposes.